Music Intervention to Reduce Anxiety and Prevent Delirium in Older Adults Undergoing Cardiac Surgery

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of the music intervention in preventing postoperative delirium (POD) in older patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery. The primary question is: Among older adults undergoing elective cardiac surgery, does offering a structured perioperative music intervention in addition to standard care reduce the incidence of POD within the first five postoperative days compared with standard care alone? The secondary questions are: Does perioperative music intervention reduce preoperative anxiety (PA) among older patients undergoing cardiac surgery, and does the level of PA moderate the effect of the music intervention on POD? Researchers will compare music intervention to routine care to see if music intervention can reduce PA and prevent POD. Participants will listen to music before and after surgery, be assessed for PA and POD, and participate in an interview about participants' perspectives on the music intervention.