Chronic inflammatory rheumatisms (CIR) are a source of motor disability and various comorbidities, particularly cardiovascular and metabolic. They also significantly impact patients' quality of life, including sleep disturbances. Among CIRs, psoriatic arthritis is a chronic inflammatory arthropathy associated with psoriasis, typically seronegative for rheumatoid factor. This heterogeneous disease affects peripheral and/or axial joints and can include extra-articular manifestations such as uveitis and chronic inflammatory bowel diseases. Its prevalence is estimated between 0.3% and 1% in the general population.
SAPHO syndrome, similar to psoriatic arthritis, is characterized by specific bone involvement with a hypertrophic tendency, often affecting the axial skeleton and the anterior thoracic wall. Pain and inflammation are closely linked to sleep quality, creating a vicious cycle where pain disrupts sleep and poor sleep amplifies pain perception. Analgesic treatments, such as opioids, can also cause nocturnal respiratory pathologies, further disrupting sleep.
Inflammatory processes are regulated by sleep, influencing plasma concentrations of CRP, IL6, and TNF production. Patients with psoriatic arthritis or SAPHO syndrome share common risk factors with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS), such as obesity, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome.
Sleep disorders are common in the general population and likely underdiagnosed in these patients. Several studies suggest a link between sleep disorders and these rheumatic conditions, affecting quality of life and exacerbating symptoms. Questionnaires like the Epworth and Pichot scales provide a more precise evaluation of these symptoms. However, objective sleep exploration through polysomnography has never been conducted in these patients.
In summary, CIRs, particularly psoriatic arthritis and SAPHO syndrome, significantly impact patients' quality of life and sleep, necessitating appropriate evaluation and management of associated sleep disorders.