Impact of Kolcaba Comfort Theory Training on Dyspnea, Function, and Comfort in COPD Patients

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is the third most fatal chronic disease worldwide, following cardiovascular diseases and cancer. COPD is characterized by chronic respiratory symptoms due to abnormalities in the airways (bronchitis/bronchiolitis) or alveoli (emphysema), leading to persistent and often progressive airway obstruction. Patients frequently experience a range of physical and psychosocial symptoms, including dyspnea, cough, sputum production, fatigue, anxiety, and depression. Dyspnea, in particular, can significantly reduce quality of life, impair daily activities, and affect patient comfort. Functional status is a crucial metric for assessing disease progression and symptom severity in COPD and is directly related to the intensity of symptoms such as dyspnea. Effective management of symptoms and enhancement of comfort levels are critical in COPD treatment. Kolcaba's Comfort Theory provides a comprehensive approach to nursing care by addressing physical, psychospiritual, social, and environmental dimensions of patient needs. This theory can be an effective guide for improving comfort in COPD patients. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of using Kolcaba's Comfort Theory as a guide in managing symptoms and enhancing the quality of care for COPD patients, focusing on dyspnea, functional status, and comfort. The research aims to provide innovative insights into the impact of Comfort Theory-based nursing care in sensitive patient populations like those with COPD and to contribute valuable information for developing effective treatment and management strategies for symptom control.