Antibiotic Prophylaxis to Prevent Obesity-Related Induction Complications in Nulliparae at Term 2.0

Obesity increases the risk of pregnancy complications, including puerperal infections and cesarean delivery, and risk rises with increasing body mass index (BMI). Since obese women are more likely to have comorbidities that would necessitate delivery prior to their due date (i.e. prior to 40 weeks gestation), and class III obesity specifically is an indication for delivery by 39 weeks, these patients have a high rate of labor induction. In nulliparous women from the general population (obese and non-obese), labor induction at 39 weeks (compared to expectant management) is associated with less maternal morbidity and a lower cesarean rate. Researchers previously conducted a pilot randomized placebo-controlled trial in obese, nulliparous women undergoing labor induction at term and found that the cesarean delivery rate was lower in women who received a prophylactic antibiotic regimen during labor compared with those who received the placebo. Researchers proposed multi-center trial aims to test this hypothesis in a large sample with adequate power to determine whether prophylactic antibiotics during labor are associated with a decrease in the rate of cesarean delivery in term, nulliparous, obese women. If the findings from the pilot trial are confirmed, this would represent a novel intervention to decrease the cesarean delivery rate in a subset of women at highest risk for cesarean-related complications.