Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multisystemic disorder with metabolic and endocrine implications, commonly observed in women of reproductive age and characterized by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and polycystic ovarian morphology. Insulin resistance, chronic low-grade inflammation, hormonal imbalances, and obesity can contribute to reduced cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular endurance, in addition to the metabolic complications associated with PCOS. Furthermore, psychosocial effects such as depression, anxiety, and impaired quality of life may also occur. Lifestyle modifications and exercise are among the first-line approaches in the management of PCOS. Aerobic and resistance exercises have been reported to have positive effects on insulin resistance, cardiometabolic risk factors, hormonal profiles, inflammation, body composition, and reproductive functions. However, evidence regarding the specific effects of different exercise modalities on physical fitness components-such as cardiovascular and muscular endurance, which are adversely affected in PCOS-remains limited. Spinal stabilization exercises constitute an exercise approach aimed at enhancing core muscle strength and endurance, postural control, and movement quality by targeting deep trunk muscle activation, lumbopelvic stability, and neuromuscular control. Although studies exist regarding Pilates interventions targeting the core region in individuals with PCOS, no study has been found that examines the effects of spinal stabilization exercises administered either in isolation or as an adjunct to aerobic exercise. Therefore, it is hypothesized that incorporating spinal stabilization exercises into an aerobic exercise regimen may provide additional benefits-particularly regarding metabolic, hormonal, and inflammatory outcomes, alongside physical fitness components.
The aim of this study is to comparatively examine the effects of spinal stabilization exercises added to aerobic exercise-versus aerobic exercise alone-on metabolic, hormonal, and inflammatory markers, anthropometric characteristics, cardiovascular fitness, core muscle strength and endurance, and quality of life in individuals with PCOS.