Neonatal Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Outcomes Study

The goal of this observational study is to improve the way newborn babies are cared for before, during, and after major surgery. Surgery can be very stressful on a baby's body. This study looks at whether a structured care plan called Neonatal Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (nERAS) can help reduce complications and improve recovery. This study has three main goals: 1. To evaluate whether the nERAS guidelines improve short-term health outcomes for newborns who need major surgery, 2. To understand how well the guidelines are adopted and followed by healthcare teams, 3. To study longer-term development outcomes (up to 18 months after surgery) for a group of babies treated under this care pathway. Researchers will compare babies who received standard surgical care before nERAS was introduced with babies who received care after nERAS was implemented with a multifaceted implementation strategy. This will help determine whether the guidelines improve recovery and overall outcomes. The study involves reviewing medical records of newborns who had surgery. In addition, healthcare providers and parents or caregivers may be asked to complete surveys or participate in interviews or focus groups to share their experiences with this care approach.