Introduction: Dental implants offer a durable, aesthetic, and functional option for tooth replacement. However, they are not immune to failure. Current literature has highlighted the importance of systemic factors (such as vitamin D deficiency and osteoporosis) and local factors (such as the presence of nearby periapical infections or implant placement in sites with a history of endodontic failure) that affect bone health.
Hypothesis: Bone alterations-whether systemic or local-represent a risk factor for implant failure and peri-implantitis.
Objectives: To analyze implant failure and marginal bone loss in patients with local and/or systemic bone alterations compared to patients without such conditions.
Methods: Implant failures occurring in patients treated within the Master's Program in Oral Medicine, Surgery, and Implantology at the University of Barcelona (MCIO-UB) over the last 10 years will be analyzed and correlated with bone factors (local and systemic) recorded in their medical histories. Cases lacking the radiographic and clinical data necessary to conduct the study will be excluded.
Population: A total of 3,500 implants have been placed, with failure rates ranging from 4% to 8% depending on the techniques used; consequently, the study sample will consist of 192 implants. Cohorts of successful implants will be established by matching patients of the same sex and within a ±5-year age range who did not experience implant failure.