The Italian Version of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia for Temporomandibular Disorders (TSK-TMD)

This observational, cross-sectional study aims to translate, culturally adapt, and psychometrically validate the Italian version of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia for Temporomandibular Disorders (TSK-TMD-ITA). Patients referred to the TMD outpatient clinic of the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, San Paolo Hospital (Milan, Italy), will complete the translated questionnaire along with measures of pain, disability, catastrophizing, anxiety/depression, stress, and central sensitization. The study will assess the factor structure, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and convergent/discriminant validity of the TSK-TMD-ITA in the Italian TMD population.

NCT Number	NCT07750509
Lead Sponsor	Alessandro Aquino Collaborators: Presidio Ospedale San Paolo. Milano
Conditions	Temporomandibular Disorders (TMDs), Kinesiophobia
Enrollment	250 participants
Start Date	2026-09-10
Primary Completion	2027-01-07 (estimated)
Study Completion	2027-01-30 (estimated)
Updated on ClinicalTrials.gov	2026-08-07