This study looked at whether a bedside score called the Vasoactive Inotropic Score (VIS) could help doctors predict which adult patients are at higher risk of complications after heart surgery that uses a heart-lung machine (cardiopulmonary bypass). VIS is calculated from the doses of heart-support medications a patient is already receiving after surgery, so it does not require any extra tests or procedures. Researchers measured VIS at five points in the first two days after surgery in 232 adults undergoing a range of heart operations, including valve surgery and coronary artery bypass. The study found that VIS measured soon after surgery, and again at 24 hours, gave useful early warning of which patients were more likely to experience serious complications such as kidney injury, stroke, or the need for additional circulatory support. This information could help hospital teams identify at-risk patients earlier and monitor them more closely.