This study was designed as a three-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effects of animation-based training versus brochure-based training before echocardiography on children's anxiety, fear, and physiological parameters.
Research Hypotheses H1: Children aged 7-10 who receive animation-based educational videos prior to the echocardiography (ECHO) procedure will have lower levels of anxiety and fear compared to children receiving routine care.
H2: Children aged 7-10 who receive brochure-based education before the ECHO procedure will have lower levels of anxiety and fear compared to children receiving routine care.
H3: The effects of animation-based education and brochure-based education on children's anxiety and fear levels before the ECHO procedure differ.
H4: In groups that received cartoon/video-based education and brochure-based education before the ECHO procedure, parents' satisfaction with nursing care is higher than in the routine care group.