Based on the data analysis of the General Surgery Department (Northern Department) of Ruijin Hospital from December 2013 to June 2021, we conducted a retrospective cohort study. Multivariate risk-adjusted cumulative sum analysis (RA-CUSUM) was used to evaluate the learning curve of single-incision laparoscopic surgery performed by the same surgical team based on short-term surgical outcomes. Subsequently, by comparing the 5-year follow-up results of patients who received treatment at different stages of the learning curve, analyses of overall survival and progression-free survival were conducted.