The goal of this clinical trial is to learn whether enteral nutrition enriched with fiber can influence gut microbiota and improve resistance to colonization with multidrug-resistant bacteria in critically ill patients. The study will also evaluate the safety and clinical outcomes associated with fiber-enriched enteral nutrition.
The main questions it aims to answer are:
* Does fiber-enriched enteral nutrition reduce the acquisition of colonization with multidrug-resistant bacteria during intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalization?
* Does fiber-enriched enteral nutrition modify the composition and diversity of the intestinal microbiota?
* Are there differences in clinical outcomes, including adverse events, between patients receiving fiber-enriched and non-fiber enteral nutrition?
Researchers will compare patients receiving fiber-enriched enteral nutrition with patients receiving standard enteral nutrition without added fiber to determine whether fiber supplementation influences gut microbiota and colonization resistance.
Participants will:
* Receive enteral nutrition through a feeding tube according to their clinical needs.
* Receive either a fiber-enriched enteral nutrition formula or a standard enteral nutrition formula.
* Have stool samples collected during ICU hospitalization for analysis of intestinal microbiota and detection of multidrug-resistant bacteria.
* Be monitored for clinical outcomes, infections, antibiotic exposure, and adverse events during their ICU stay and follow-up period.