Development of a Risk Prediction Model for Post-Spinal Anesthesia Hypotension During Cesarean Delivery Using Heart Rate, Blood Pressure, Perfusion Index, ECG Waveforms, and SpO₂ Waveforms

Spinal anesthesia is the preferred anesthetic technique for patients undergoing cesarean section. Compared with general anesthesia, spinal anesthesia offers multiple advantages. However, a common adverse effect of this technique is hypotension following spinal anesthesia, which is induced by sympathetic blockade and has an incidence rate as high as 70%. Hypotension can lead to maternal nausea and vomiting, reduced fetal Apgar scores, and acidosis, exerting adverse effects on both the mother and the fetus. Furthermore, prolonged duration of hypotension may adversely impact the fetal neurological prognosis. Therefore, predicting which patients are at high risk for developing hypotension facilitates the implementation of preventive measures-such as the administration of vasoactive agents and intensified monitoring through frequent blood pressure measurements-to improve clinical outcomes in these high-risk patients. Patients undergoing cesarean section who met the inclusion criteria were prospectively observed. A standardized anesthesia protocol was uniformly applied to investigate the incidence of hypotension following spinal anesthesia. Based on dynamic changes in preoperative and intraoperative heart rate, blood pressure, perfusion index, and waveform characteristics of electrocardiography and pulse oximetry, a prognostic model was developed to predict the occurrence of hypotension after spinal anesthesia.

NCT Number	NCT07689825
Lead Sponsor	Peking University Shenzhen Hospital
Conditions	Cesarean Section
Enrollment	145 participants
Start Date	2026-07-13
Primary Completion	2026-09-30 (estimated)
Study Completion	2027-07-01 (estimated)
Updated on ClinicalTrials.gov	2026-07-27