This is a single-center, prospective observational study in patients undergoing cesarean delivery under spinal or combined spinal-epidural anesthesia. It compares whether continuous noninvasive hemodynamic measurements from the lower extremity (toe) better predict neonatal outcomes than upper extremity (arm/finger) measurements during spinal-induced hypotension.
Participants receive standard spinal anesthesia and routine blood pressure management, with additional monitoring using the ClearSight™ system at both upper and lower extremities from before spinal anesthesia through delivery.
The primary outcome is a composite of neonatal outcomes (APGAR scores, need for respiratory support, cord gases, and NICU admission). Secondary outcomes include maternal side effects and comfort.
Overall, the study evaluates whether lower-extremity hemodynamic monitoring improves detection of clinically relevant hypotension and prediction of neonatal outcomes compared to traditional arm measurements.