The goal of this clinical trial is to determine whether hydroponic spinach (HS) versus conventional spinach (CS) smoothies produce differential post-consumption effects on salivary nitrate availability and blood pressure in adults.
The main questions it aims to answer are:
Do hydroponic spinach (HS) and conventional spinach (CS) smoothies produce differential post-consumption salivary nitrate availability responses in adults when consumed in equal volumes? Do hydroponic spinach (HS) and conventional spinach (CS) smoothies produce differential post-consumption blood pressure responses in adults when consumed in equal volumes?
Participants will:
Consume hydroponic spinach (HS) and conventional spinach (CS) smoothies on two separate study days.
Attend two laboratory visits at the university, scheduled within a 1-2 week period.
Undergo check-ups and study measurements during each visit (e.g., blood pressure and saliva sampling).