This randomized controlled trial investigates the effects of an 8-week structured treadmill aerobic training program on physical fitness and health-related quality of life in young adult females diagnosed with mild-to-moderate iron deficiency anemia. Sixty participants are randomly allocated into two equal groups of thirty. Group A (Experimental) receives standard daily oral iron therapy combined with a supervised moderate-intensity treadmill exercise program 3 times per week (30-40 minutes at 60-70% maximum heart rate). Group B (Control) receives standard oral iron therapy with no structured exercise. The study primary outcome measures the Physical Fitness Index (PFI) using the modified submaximal 3-minute Harvard Step Test, alongside secondary quality of life outcomes (SF-12 questionnaire), to prove that active cardiovascular training reverses physical deconditioning where iron supplements alone fall short.