Turkish Version of the Ankle Fracture Outcome of Rehabilitation Measure (A-FORM-TR): A Multi-Centre Validation Study

Ankle fractures are common injuries that can affect a patient's mobility, mood, sleep, and everyday life for months. The Ankle Fracture Outcome of Rehabilitation Measure (A-FORM) is an English-language patient-reported outcome measure developed in Australia to capture this broader rehabilitation experience. No validated Turkish version of A-FORM currently exists. This prospective multi-centre observational study aims to translate the A-FORM into Turkish (A-FORM-TR), culturally adapt it for use in Turkish-speaking patients, and evaluate its psychometric properties. The investigators will recruit 150 adults with a unilateral ankle fracture, treated either surgically or conservatively, from three orthopedic centres in Turkiye and the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. Participants complete the A-FORM-TR together with two established comparator questionnaires (AOFAS Ankle-Hindfoot Score and the Turkish Olerud-Molander Ankle Score). A subset of approximately 50 participants is re-administered the A-FORM-TR after 7 to 14 days to assess test-retest reliability, with a Global Rating of Change item identifying clinically stable patients. Analyses include classical test theory, confirmatory factor analysis, and Rasch measurement analysis.

NCT Number	NCT07620015
Lead Sponsor	Utku Gürhan
Conditions	Ankle Fractures, Ankle Injuries
Enrollment	150 participants
Start Date	2026-07-24
Primary Completion	2027-04 (estimated)
Study Completion	2027-07 (estimated)
Updated on ClinicalTrials.gov	2026-07-27