This observational cross-sectional study investigates the levels of mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum contact site (MERC) proteins in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of individuals with different periodontal conditions. MERCs are specialized regions where mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum physically connect, and they play important roles in calcium signaling, oxidative stress regulation, and cell death (apoptosis). Disruption of these contact sites has been linked to inflammatory diseases, including periodontal disease.
The study includes 48 systemically healthy, non-smoking adults divided into three groups: periodontally healthy (n=16), gingivitis (n=16), and Stage III Grade B periodontitis (n=16). Five MERC-associated proteins (VAPB, PTPIP51, IP3R, GRP75, and VDAC) are measured in GCF and saliva samples using ELISA. Additionally, caspase-3 (a marker of apoptosis), reactive oxygen species (a marker of oxidative stress), and calcium levels are measured to explore relationships between MERC proteins and key cellular processes involved in periodontal tissue destruction.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether MERC protein levels differ across periodontal conditions and to evaluate their associations with clinical periodontal parameters, oxidative stress, calcium metabolism, and apoptosis.