Surfactant Administration Methods in Preterm Infants With RDS: A Swedish Cohort Study

The goal of this observational study is to evaluate different methods of surfactant administration in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Preterm infants often have immature lungs and a deficiency of surfactant, a substance that helps keep the lungs open and supports oxygen exchange.Surfactant can be delivered to the lungs using different techniques, including INSURE (brief intubation), LISA (via a thin catheter), SALSA (via a laryngeal mask airway), and traditional administration via endotracheal intubation followed by mechanical ventilation. The main question this study aims to answer is:Which method of surfactant administration is associated with better clinical outcomes in preterm infants with RDS?The study will prospectively collect clinical data on infants receiving surfactant as part of standard care, with long-term follow-up using data from the Swedish Neonatal Quality Register. The results are intended to be used to inform the design of a future randomized multicenter study.

NCT Number	NCT07550218
Lead Sponsor	Vastra Gotaland Region Collaborators: Göteborg University
Conditions	Respiratory Distress Syndrome (& [Hyaline Membrane Disease]), Respiratory Distress Syndrome (Neonatal), Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS), Respiratory Distress Syndrome of Newborn, Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Premature Infant
Enrollment	300 participants
Start Date	2026-04-27
Primary Completion	2029-04-27 (estimated)
Study Completion	2029-08-27 (estimated)
Updated on ClinicalTrials.gov	2026-04-24