This prospective observational study aims to evaluate the clinical significance of measurable residual disease (MRD) monitoring using digital PCR (dPCR) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). The study will specifically enroll patients harboring clonal hematopoiesis (CH) and/or myelodysplasia-related (MR) gene mutations.
Patient-specific dPCR assays will be established to enable highly sensitive, longitudinal quantification of mutation burden. Serial assessments will be performed at predefined time points within the first 12 months after transplantation. The study will investigate the prognostic value of dPCR-based MRD dynamics for predicting relapse, relapse-free survival, and overall survival, and will further explore its potential to enable earlier detection of molecular relapse compared with conventional methods.