This study aims to develop and evaluate an early risk identification and digital health intervention strategy for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among pregnant women in China. Gestational diabetes mellitus is a common pregnancy complication associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, including excessive gestational weight gain, macrosomia, cesarean delivery, and increased long-term risk of metabolic disorders in both mothers and offspring.
The study includes two components. First, retrospective multi-source clinical data from maternal health records will be used to develop and validate a risk prediction model for early identification of pregnant women at high risk of GDM. Second, pregnant women identified as high risk in early pregnancy will be enrolled in a multicenter randomized controlled trial and assigned to either a digital health intervention group or a usual care group. The intervention includes online health education, individualized lifestyle guidance, behavioral self-management tools, and interactive consultation through a digital platform. The primary outcome is the incidence of GDM diagnosed during pregnancy. Secondary outcomes include gestational weight gain, cesarean delivery, macrosomia, and other maternal and neonatal outcomes.
This study is expected to provide evidence for improving early risk assessment, intelligent warning, and prevention strategies for GDM in the context of maternal health management in China.