This observational retrospective study aims to evaluate the relationship between nutritional status, physical activity levels, and periodontal health in adult patients. The project represents a second analytical phase of a previously conducted study (2021-2022), in which gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected solely for LL-37 analysis (NCT04404335). The biochemical component was completed and published independently (doi: 10.1186/s12903-023-03023-w) and will not be incorporated into the present analysis.
In this newly proposed phase, the research team will review patients' clinical and dental records and analyze previously collected lifestyle, anthropometric, and periodontal data. Participants completed standardized health questionnaires on medical history, oral hygiene habits, dietary patterns, and lifestyle. They also completed a validated physical activity questionnaire over the course of one week. At their clinical visit, they underwent a full oral and periodontal examination, and anthropometric assessments including BMI, waist circumference, and body composition.
The objective is to determine how nutritional status and physical activity relate to periodontal health using data collected during routine clinical evaluation and standardized assessments. This retrospective analysis may provide insight into lifestyle-related factors contributing to periodontal disease risk and severity. The study received ethics committee approval (Ref.: 1003202109021) prior to any data collection, although the retrospective analysis of clinical records had not been conducted or registered until now.