Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a severe metabolic complication in children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and may be associated with early injury of vital organs such as the kidneys and the heart. Early detection of organ dysfunction is important for identifying children at increased risk for complications.
This observational cross-sectional study aims to evaluate biomarkers of acute organ injury and associated clinical and echocardiographic parameters in children with newly diagnosed T1DM presenting with DKA, compared with children with newly diagnosed T1DM without DKA and healthy controls. Biomarkers including KIM-1, NGAL, high-sensitivity troponin, NT-proBNP, interleukin-6, and C-reactive protein will be measured during hospital admission and within the first 24-48 hours of hospitalization.