This study aimed to compare the clinical effectiveness of different intra-articular adjunctive therapies used with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthrocentesis in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders. TMJ arthrocentesis is a minimally invasive procedure commonly used to reduce pain and improve mandibular function in patients with internal derangements of the temporomandibular joint. In this study, patients diagnosed with TMJ disorders were treated with arthrocentesis alone or arthrocentesis combined with intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid, injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF), or dextrose prolotherapy. Clinical outcomes including pain intensity, mandibular range of motion, and functional improvement were evaluated at different follow-up periods. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of these adjunctive treatments and to determine whether any of these intra-articular approaches provides superior clinical outcomes when used with TMJ arthrocentesis.