Exercise and Protein Efficiency in T2D

In this randomized controlled trial, 30 older adults (aged\> 65 years; 15 with T2D, 15 controls) will participate in a 12-week progressive exercise training program. They will undergo pre- and post-testing that includes body composition measures; oral glucose tolerance testing; cardiovascular fitness and muscle performance testing; dietary protein efficiency assessed using the indicator amino acid oxidation (IAAO) method; and a gut microbiota trial. The dietary protein efficiency trial will include repeated ingestion of crystallized amino acids (drink) containing stable isotopes, urine samples, and breath samples. The gut microbiome trial will consist of a single ingestion of a Mediterranean-based modeled meal enriched with 13C-phenylalanine (in the drink) and repeated blood draws. Participants will also be asked to give a fecal sample after the gut microbiome trial.

NCT Number	NCT07477067
Lead Sponsor	University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Collaborators: American Diabetes Association
Conditions	Type 2 Diabetes, Control Condition
Enrollment	30 participants
Start Date	2026-02-09
Primary Completion	2027-06-30 (estimated)
Study Completion	2028-07-01 (estimated)
Updated on ClinicalTrials.gov	2026-04-29