Effectiveness of Small-Quantity vs Medium-Quantity Lipid-Based Nutrient Supplements for Prevention of Undernutrition in Children 6-24 Months

Nutrition is essential for a child's growth, brain development, and protection from disease. While breastmilk provides the best nutrition for young infants, children older than six months may not get all the nutrients they need from breastmilk and regular foods alone. For this reason, some children receive special nutrient supplements to support healthy growth. Lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNS) are one type of supplement that provides important vitamins and minerals. These supplements are used in many countries to help prevent undernutrition in young children. In Pakistan, the government-led multisectoral nutrition program under the social safety net program currently provides medium-quantity LNS to children starting at six months of age. However, it is not known whether a smaller-quantity LNS could provide similar benefits for children in this age group from under-resourced communities that have limited access to nutritious foods. The goal of this trial is to learn whether small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (SQ-LNS) work as well as medium-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (MQ-LNS) in preventing undernutrition in children aged 6 to 24 months. The main questions this study aims to answer are: * Does SQ-LNS work as well as MQ-LNS in supporting healthy growth, including reducing stunting, wasting, and underweight? * Does SQ-LNS work as well as MQ-LNS in reducing anemia? Researchers will compare SQ-LNS and MQ-LNS to see if SQ-LNS is as good as MQ-LNS in preventing undernutrition. The study is being conducted in Dadu and Peshawar, Pakistan. Participants in Dadu will be followed until 24 months of age, while participants in Peshawar will be followed until 12 months of age. Participants will: * Receive either SQ-LNS or MQ-LNS once daily until 24 months of age (Dadu) or 12 months of age (Peshawar) * Have their length, weight and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) measured monthly * Have their blood screened for anemia at enrollment and at 12 and 24 months of age (Dadu) or at enrollment and 12 months of age (Peshawar)

NCT Number	NCT07451951
Lead Sponsor	Aga Khan University Collaborators: United Nations World Food Programme (WFP), Benazir Income Support Programme (BISP)
Conditions	Undernutrition
Enrollment	1,508 participants
Start Date	2026-02-26
Primary Completion	2028-06-30 (estimated)
Study Completion	2028-12-31 (estimated)
Updated on ClinicalTrials.gov	2026-08-12