The goal of this observational study is to develop and test a new questionnaire called the Liver Cirrhosis Cognitive Decline Scale (LiCCoS) for adults with liver cirrhosis. This questionnaire is designed to help identify problems with thinking and daily mental functioning that are common in people with liver cirrhosis but are often missed during routine care.
People with liver cirrhosis may experience problems such as forgetfulness, slowed thinking, trouble paying attention, or difficulty planning everyday tasks. These problems can affect daily life, safety, and treatment adherence. Existing cognitive tests often require special training or equipment and may not fully reflect how people experience these difficulties in daily life. This study aims to create a simple, patient-reported tool that captures these concerns in an easy and practical way.
The main questions this study aims to answer are:
1. Can the LiCCoS questionnaire reliably measure cognitive difficulties in adults with liver cirrhosis?
2. Does the questionnaire correctly reflect differences in cognitive function across levels of liver disease severity?
3. Do LiCCoS scores relate to results from commonly used cognitive screening tests?
Participants will be adults aged 18 to 75 years who have a confirmed diagnosis of liver cirrhosis and are attending outpatient clinics. Participation is voluntary.
Participants will:
Provide basic background information, such as age and medical history
Complete the LiCCoS questionnaire about their thinking and daily mental functioning
Complete standard cognitive screening tests commonly used in clinical care
This study does not involve any treatment or change in medical care. The information collected will be used only for research purposes. The results are expected to help develop a reliable and easy-to-use tool that can support early recognition of cognitive difficulties in people with liver cirrhosis and improve communication between participants and health care providers.