This study developed an artificial intelligence (AI)-based methodology for the quantitative analysis of single-cell morphological data in multiple myeloma (MM). The approach achieves high-precision AI-driven identification and segmentation of myeloma cells, nuclei, cytoplasm, and nucleoli, overcoming the inherent limitations of subjective traditional morphological analysis.
Furthermore, integrating this morphological quantification with cytogenetic abnormality analysis of myeloma cells provides an efficient predictive tool for identifying high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities.
Leveraging AI-guided selection of genetic testing targets, the research applied a rapid genetic abnormality detection technique utilizing first-drop bone marrow aspirate smears. This methodology achieves orders of magnitude improvements in testing cost, sample preprocessing time and detection sensitivity.