Effects of Propolis Flavonoids on TLR4 Signaling and Inflammation in Human PDLSCs In Vitro

This in-vitro study evaluated the effects of a flavonoid-rich propolis extract on Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling and inflammatory cytokine expression in human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs). PDLSCs were treated with propolis flavonoids under baseline conditions and following lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation, with untreated cells serving as controls. TLR4 gene expression was analyzed using PCR, while levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) were quantified by ELISA. Cell viability and cytotoxicity at different extract concentrations were assessed using the MTT assay. The study aimed to determine the immunomodulatory and cytocompatible potential of propolis flavonoids in regulating inflammatory responses in PDLSCs.

NCT Number	NCT07367451
Lead Sponsor	Cairo University
Conditions	Inflammatory Cytokine Expression
Enrollment	20 participants
Start Date	2026-01-25
Primary Completion	2026-01-30 (estimated)
Study Completion	2026-02-10 (estimated)
Updated on ClinicalTrials.gov	2026-02-05