The goal of this clinical trial is to learn whether culturally adapted versions of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for insomnia (CBTi) can reduce insomnia severity and improve sleep and mood outcomes in Arab adults with insomnia. The main questions it aims to answer are:
Does culturally adapted CBTi (surface-level or surface + deep-level adaptations) reduce insomnia severity compared to a wait-list control condition?
Are there differences in treatment efficacy between surface-level adaptations and combined surface + deep-level cultural adaptations of CBTi?
Researchers will compare surface-level adapted CBTi, surface + deep-level adapted CBTi, and a wait-list control group to see if culturally adapted CBTi improves insomnia symptoms, sleep parameters, dysfunctional beliefs about sleep, anxiety, depression, and fatigue.
Participants will:
Be randomly assigned to one of three groups: surface-level adapted CBTi, surface + deep-level adapted CBTi, or a wait-list control
Receive a culturally adapted CBTi intervention or remain on a wait-list during the study period
Complete self-report questionnaires assessing insomnia severity, sleep beliefs, mood, and fatigue
Complete sleep diaries at multiple time points across the study duration