Genetic and Clinical Correlates of Disruptive Behavior Disorder With and Without Callous-Unemotional Traits

Disruptive Behavior Disorders (DBD), such as Conduct Disorder (CD) and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD), affect children and adolescents in different ways. Research has shown that some individuals with DBD also display callous-unemotional (CU) traits, including a lack of guilt, uncaring behavior, and shallow emotions. This subgroup tends to have more severe symptoms and a higher risk of negative outcomes. Previous studies suggest that genetic factors may play a role in the development of DBD with CU traits. For example, specific variations of the MAOA gene have been linked to difficulties in recognizing and processing emotions such as sadness and fear, which are often impaired in individuals with CU traits. This study aims to explore how broader genetic profiles may affect DBD and CU traits. In the already enrolled sample, we will explore correlations between the collected clinical data and a larger set of genetic variants. The goal is to improve knowledge about the genetic factors that contribute to differences in behavior, which may help inform strategies to identify risk and resilience in individuals with disruptive behavioral traits.

NCT Number	NCT07322055
Lead Sponsor	IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris Collaborators: University of Pisa
Conditions	Conduct Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Callous Unemotional Traits
Enrollment	200 participants
Start Date	2025-10-07
Primary Completion	2027-10 (estimated)
Study Completion	2027-10 (estimated)
Updated on ClinicalTrials.gov	2026-01-26