In the context of adult pathology, research into biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has already identified proteins that are commonly used for the early diagnosis of certain neurodegenerative diseases. However, the lack of data available in the literature on pediatric diseases has limited the use of biomarkers in routine practice in children. Importantly, our group has pioneered the establishment of CSF biomarkers in children (e.g., measurement of interferon alpha in CSF by ultra-sensitive digital ELISA), which will undoubtedly be used in routine clinical practice in the future. In light of these arguments, the establishment of a CSF biobank will have major clinical implications, given the rarity of the diseases treated and the number of patients followed.