PMPR and Chlorhexidine on Periodontal Disease and Vascular Function

* Gum inflammation is called gingivitis. Gum disease, known as periodontal disease, is a long-term inflammation of the gums and bone around teeth, leading to tooth loss. Both gingivitis and periodontal disease are also linked to other health problems, including heart disease. Additionally, salivary proteins play a role in maintaining oral health. For example, a protective layer called the salivary pellicle (SP) forms on teeth after tooth brushing and helps defend against harmful bacteria. * Nitrate-reducing bacteria (NRB) are also present in saliva and play a role in oral and cardiovascular health by converting nitrate to nitric oxide (NO). This compound supports blood vessel health and overall cardiovascular function. Therefore, NRB's abundance is linked to lower blood pressure and improved cardiovascular health. * Standard treatments for gum disease include deep cleaning (also called professional mechanical plaque removal, or PMPR), and sometimes chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthwash is used with PMPR to help reduce mouth bacteria. However, while CHX is effective against plaque (a sticky film of bacteria on the tooth surface), it may reduce the activity of "nitrate-reducing" bacteria (NRB), which are important for producing nitric oxide (NO). * This study investigates the impact of deep cleaning (PMPR) with and without Chlorhexidine mouthwash on salivary and SP proteins, as well as blood vessel function, in people who have gum disease. By examining these links, the investigators aim to gain a deeper understanding of how oral care practices may impact overall health, particularly heart health.

NCT Number	NCT07311512
Lead Sponsor	Mahdi Mutahar Collaborators: Loughborough University, Temple University, Imperial College London
Conditions	Periodontal Disease (PD), Cardio Vascular Disease, Oral-Systemic Link, Vascular Dysfunction, Endothelial Function and Arterial Stiffness
Enrollment	30 participants
Start Date	2026-01-23
Primary Completion	2028-07-01 (estimated)
Study Completion	2028-07-01 (estimated)
Updated on ClinicalTrials.gov	2026-03-25