This is a multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-label Phase III clinical trial (RESCUE study) evaluating the efficacy of secondary cytoreductive surgery (SCS) in patients with platinum-sensitive recurrent epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer who have shown a favorable response to 3-4 cycles of platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy and are assessed as highly likely to achieve complete tumor resection based on selection models. Eligible patients will be randomly assigned to either the experimental arm, receiving SCS followed by chemotherapy (with or without maintenance), or the active comparator arm, receiving chemotherapy only (with or without maintenance), with the primary objective being to compare the Progression-Free Survival (PFS) between the two groups to determine the additional clinical benefit of SCS in this carefully selected patient population.