A Single-arm Clinical Trial Using Patient-derived Tumor Tissue Fragment Models for Drug Sensitivity Testing to Guide Treatment in Previously Treated Cancers

This is a prospective, single-arm, open-label, exploratory clinical trial conducted at Qilu Hospital of Shandong University. Approximately 35 patients with advanced or metastatic refractory cancers will be enrolled. Fresh tumor or metastatic biopsy samples will be collected to establish patient-derived tumor tissue fragment models (PDTFs). Each PDTF will be validated for histologic, molecular, and genetic homology with the original tumor, followed by high-throughput ex vivo drug sensitivity testing using chemotherapy, targeted agents, or immunotherapy drugs and recommended by clinical guidelines. This study aims to demonstrate that the PDTF platform can serve as a rapid, reliable, and clinically relevant tool for precision therapy development and clinical decision-making in refractory cancers, potentially bridging translational models and individualized clinical care.