Study on patients undergoing surgery for breast cancer. Objective: to characterize the intratumoral microbiota and integrate these findings with clinicopathologic data, the estrobolome, and gut microbiota, with analyses stratified by molecular subtype (Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2-enriched \[human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-enriched\], and TNBC \[triple-negative breast cancer\]).
Enrollment: consecutive recruitment in the operating room based on the availability of biopsy/histological material.
Samples: tumor tissue, adjacent normal tissue; urine (for indirect assessment of estrobolome activity); and stool. Strict anti-contamination measures will be implemented.
Exploratory outcomes: differences across subtypes, associations with features of the TME (tumor microenvironment), including TILs (tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes), and markers of progression or treatment resistance