Guiding Value of Urinary Tumor DNA Testing in Repeat Transurethral Resection of Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer

Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) accounts for approximately 75% of newly diagnosed bladder cancers and is characterized by a high risk of recurrence and progression. Current guidelines recommend that patients with stage T1 NMIBC undergo a second transurethral resection of bladder tumor (re-TURBT) within 2-6 weeks after the initial surgery to remove residual tumor, confirm staging, and obtain additional pathological information. However, the benefits of routine re-TURBT for all high-risk patients remain controversial, as many patients may not have residual disease, while the procedure carries surgical and anesthetic risks, physical and psychological burden, and additional healthcare costs. Urine tumor DNA (utDNA) refers to DNA fragments shed by tumor cells into urine. It can be detected using molecular assays with high sensitivity and specificity, offering a non-invasive method for bladder cancer diagnosis and surveillance. Previous studies have shown that positive utDNA results after initial TURBT may be associated with residual disease and higher recurrence risk. This multicenter, randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate whether utDNA testing can accurately identify NMIBC patients who are most likely to benefit from re-TURBT, thereby guiding the decision to perform the procedure. The goal is to optimize patient selection for re-TURBT, reduce unnecessary surgeries, and improve patient quality of life while maintaining oncologic safety.

NCT Number	NCT07187635
Lead Sponsor	Tianjin Medical University Second Hospital
Conditions	Bladder Cancer, Liquid Biopsy, Repeat Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor
Enrollment	196 participants
Start Date	2025-09-28
Primary Completion	2027-10-01 (estimated)
Study Completion	2027-11-01 (estimated)
Updated on ClinicalTrials.gov	2026-08-14