The aim of this study is to systematically analyze the dynamic pattern of preoperative and postoperative serum metabolites in colorectal cancer patients through metabolomics technology, and to screen the key metabolites with statistical differences and explore their correlation with surgical interventions by combining the baseline characteristics of the patients with the perioperative clinical data; to further reveal the impact of surgery on the body's metabolic remodeling pattern, and to explore the potential biomarkers and regulatory pathways, providing a theoretical basis for elucidating the metabolic mechanism. Investigaters will further reveal the impact of surgery on metabolic remodeling, explore potential biomarkers and regulatory pathways, provide theoretical basis for elucidating the metabolic mechanism, and evaluate its clinical translational value (e.g., postoperative monitoring, targeted intervention, etc.), so as to lay the foundation for the subsequent basic research and precise treatment strategies.