Screening for Anal Cancer in Men Who Have Sex With Men Using Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis

This study aims to learn more about anal cancer risk in men who have sex with men (MSM) who are using Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent HIV. Specifically, we want to check how common High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions (HSIL) are in this group, how well anal swabs can screen for these lesions, and how having HSIL affects their quality of life. We'll also test if DNA methylation testing can give us extra information about the lesions. The main questions the study aims to answer are: * How common are HSIL in MSM using PrEP? * How accurate are anal swabs for detecting HSIL in this group? * How does having HSIL affect the quality of life of MSM using PrEP? * Can DNA methylation testing help improve our understanding of HSIL in these individuals? Participants will: * Answer questions about their health and quality of life. * Have an anal smear collected for testing. * Undergo High-Resolution Anoscopy (HRA) to check for HSIL and get a biopsy if deemed necessary.

NCT Number	NCT07029152
Lead Sponsor	Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel Collaborators: A.M.L.
Conditions	Anal Cancer, Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions, HSIL, High Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions, LSIL, Low-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions, HPV, Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Enrollment	296 participants
Start Date	2025-09-23
Primary Completion	2026-12 (estimated)
Study Completion	2026-12 (estimated)
Updated on ClinicalTrials.gov	2026-05-01