Gonarthrosis is a chronic pathology affecting the knee joint and tissues. It is characterized by progressive degeneration of articular cartilage, bone and surrounding structures. Diagnosis is based on clinical, biological and radiological criteria.
When knee osteoarthritis becomes symptomatic, it leads to pain associated with stiffness and functional discomfort, impacting on patients' quality of life. Patients become sedentary and isolated, which has cardiovascular and psychological consequences, with a proven excess mortality rate.
To date, there are no curative treatments for gonarthrosis. Available treatments are generally aimed at relieving pain, improving joint function and slowing disease progression. Therapeutic approaches most often combine non-pharmacological treatments such as dietary measures, regular physical activity and therapeutic education, with pharmacological treatments: paracetamol, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, opioids, intra-articular injections of corticosteroids, hyaluronic acid (HA), Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP)... If these are ineffective, particularly in advanced stages (grades III-IV), then surgery for prosthesis is necessary. However, surgery is not an option for all patients, particularly those with co-morbidities, the elderly or those who refuse it.
The osteoarthritis section of the French rheumatology society has drawn up recommendations, with a view to positioning these treatments, standardizing practices and improving the management of gonarthrosis patients in France. These point out that further studies are needed to validate the efficacy of certain treatments, notably intra-articular PRP injections, which are nevertheless widely used in current practice and defended by a consensus of French experts published in 2021. Indeed, the results of several therapeutic trials and meta-analyses already published show that its efficacy is often superior to that of HA, particularly in terms of symptom improvement and over a longer duration. In order to make the case for their use to learned societies, literature data must be enriched, particularly with regard to advanced stages of gonarthrosis, i.e. stages III-IV, which are the most painful. The aim is to propose an effective treatment to relieve the symptoms of patients for whom surgery is not an option.