This exploratory pilot study aims to evaluate the cognitive improvement effects of combination therapy with cilostazol (200 mg) and ginkgo biloba extract (160 mg) in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Both agents have demonstrated potential cognitive benefits through mechanisms such as enhanced cerebral blood flow, anti-inflammatory activity, and neuroprotection. Given the increased risk of cognitive decline and dementia in patients with type 2 diabetes, and the need for preventive strategies, this study will investigate whether the combination therapy can prevent or mitigate cognitive deterioration. Findings from this study may provide foundational data for the future development of therapeutic interventions targeting cognitive impairment in patients with diabetes.