End-tidal Carbon Dioxide as a Non-invasive Predictor for Changes in Cardiac Output in Non-cardiac Surgery

Cardiac output (CO) is challenging to measure at the bedside. The traditional gold standard for measuring CO requires the insertion of a pulmonary artery catheter which is invasive, associated with a risk for serious complications \[3\],with no clinical benefits. The cerebral blood flow (CBF) is considered to be a proportion of total cardiac output (CO). It has been stated earlier that approximately 15% of resting CO is distributed to the brain. Therefore, the flow through the CCA might serve as a surrogate parameter for CO.

NCT Number	NCT06962748
Lead Sponsor	Ain Shams University
Conditions	Non Cardiac Surgery
Enrollment	105 participants
Start Date	2025-06-01
Primary Completion	2025-12-01 (estimated)
Study Completion	2025-12-01 (estimated)
Updated on ClinicalTrials.gov	2026-03-12