Normobaric Hypoxia as a Strength Training Intensity Amplifier in Ice Hockey Players: Effects on Anaerobic Performance and Muscle Contraction Properties

The goal of this research study is to investigate the effects of resistance training performed under normobaric hypoxia (simulated altitude conditions) on anaerobic performance, lactate clearance, and muscle contractility in elite ice hockey players. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does resistance training under hypoxic conditions improve anaerobic peak power and mean power compared to training under normal oxygen conditions? Does training under hypoxia affect lactate kinetics and buffering capacity differently than normoxic training? Does hypoxic training enhance muscle contractility properties differently compared to normoxic training? In practice: Can hypoxic training help injured athletes maintain performance levels while reducing overall physical stress and preventing detraining? Researchers will compare four training approaches: High-intensity training in normoxia (normal oxygen conditions) Low-intensity training in normoxia High-intensity training in hypoxia (simulated altitude of 3500 meters) Low-intensity training in hypoxia Participants will: Perform resistance training sessions using a leg press twice a week for 6 weeks, with progressively increased intensity. Complete anaerobic performance tests (Wingate tests for both lower and upper limbs) before and after the training intervention. Undergo tensiomyographic assessments to evaluate muscle contractility. Provide capillary blood samples at 0, 4, and 8 minutes post-exercise to assess lactate clearance and metabolic recovery.