Understanding the functioning of human neurons has always been a key element, especially with regard to the translation of the inputs they receive into actions that determine human behavior. However, the vast majority of studies have been performed in animal models due to the difficulty in maintaining neuronal functions ex vivo. Recently, techniques have been illustrated that allow us to obtain slices of brain tissue removed during neurosurgical interventions. The patch-clamp and HD-MEA (high density - microelectrodes array) techniques, used until now for animal samples, can allow us to study the functioning of the neural cells that make up these slices. Furthermore, the exploration of the functioning of the aforementioned cells in pathological conditions can open the field for further therapeutic perspectives.