Neoadjuvant Therapy With Conservative Surgery vs. Up-front Conservative Surgery for BRAF V600E-Mutated Ameloblastoma

Ameloblastoma is the most common benign odontogenic tumor, characterized by high local invasiveness and a high recurrence rate. Currently, surgical treatment is the standard treatment modality. The main surgical approaches include radical resection represented by local extended resection (with a safety margin of more than 2 cm) and conservative procedures represented by curettage and fenestration. Although radical resection can effectively treat the disease, it often leads to severe jaw bone defects and even disrupts the continuity of the jaw bone. However, the conservative procedures have a recurrence rate of approximately 40%. This study aims to reduce the recurrence rate of conservative procedures by using neoadjuvant therapy with dabrafenib combined with trametinib, and to reduce surgical trauma while improving the radical cure effect. The endpoints of this study are the 3-year and 5-year recurrence rates, as well as the effectiveness and safety of the neoadjuvant therapy.