Music Effect on the Self-Injection, Testing Fear and Pain

Diabetes is a chronic and broad-spectrum metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia that occurs due to relative or absolute insulin deficiency or "insulin resistance" developed against insulin action in peripheral tissues, affecting many organs and causing multisystem involvement. Metabolic function continues to deteriorate after diagnosis, leading to worsening glycemic control and insulin therapy becoming necessary. However, patients may have difficulty adhering to insulin therapy. Fears about injections are common in both adults and children and, as research shows, are a major reason why people with diabetes avoid taking insulin. Addressing these fears is an important part of helping patients reduce their risk of diabetes-related complications. Helping patients manage their replacement pain may help reduce the effects of needle fear in the future. There are a number of strategies that can ease the pain.The use of music in pain management has advantages such as being reliable, cheap, and having no side effects, as well as reducing postoperative pain reports. Music distracts the individual from negative stimuli and allows them to focus on something they enjoy, thus reducing pain and anxiety. Music therapy has also been shown to have sedative-protective effects and reduce stress hormone levels. Listening to preferred music can distract and reduce the pain and negative emotions associated with an unpleasant experience.

NCT Number	NCT06790550
Lead Sponsor	Dicle University
Conditions	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), Insulin, Fear, Pain, Injection, Music Therapy
Enrollment	100 participants
Start Date	2025-01-30
Primary Completion	2025-05-30 (estimated)
Study Completion	2025-07-30 (estimated)
Updated on ClinicalTrials.gov	2025-01-28