Hypophosphatemia is a common phenomenon in the ICU, and several retrospective studies have shown that hypophosphatemia is associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation in ICU patients. However, the specific mechanism and causal relationship are not clear. Previous studies have shown that phosphate infusion improves the contraction of the diaphragm induced by exogenous electrical stimulation, but the effect of hypophosphatemia and phosphate supplementation on the pathophysiology in decannulated patients on mechanical ventilation has not been confirmed. The study group hypothesized that hypophosphatemia affects neural conduction function and muscle contraction by affecting ATP synthesis. Correcting hypophosphatemia may improve respiratory muscle strength and potentially improve diaphragmatic neural conduction, ultimately improving the patient's neuromuscular conversion efficiency and facilitating discharge.
1. The attending physician evaluates the patient's ventilator condition daily and meets the disconnection criteria (spontaneous breathing, RSBI \< 105 (min\*ml)-1, stable hemodynamics: norepinephrine or epinephrine ≤ 0.1μg/kg/min, PEEP ≤ 8cmH2O, FiO2 ≤ 50%, no increase in ventilator support conditions in the past 24 hours, PS 10cmH2O, MAAS score 2-4, pH ≥ 7.30, discontinuation of all sedative medications). After signing an informed consent form, a diaphragm electromyography (EEG) catheter is placed. (The diaphragm EEG catheter is a gastric tube with diaphragm electromyography monitoring function, with the same placement process and risks as a regular gastric tube. There is a small probability of complications such as nasal mucosal damage.)
2. Start CPAP disconnection: Adjust the ventilator PS 10 → 0 cmH2O, and keep the other conditions unchanged. Collect ventilator parameters, diaphragm electromyography (EAdi) parameters, and diaphragm ultrasound parameters at 0, 1, 3, 5, 10, 20, and 30 minutes after the trial begins, and collect the maximum EAdi and diaphragm ultrasound during quiet state.
3. Simultaneously monitor blood inorganic phosphorus, and divide the patients into two groups: the low phosphorus group (\<0.8mmol/L) and the control group (0.8-1.4 mmol/L). Low phosphorus patients receive intravenous phosphate supplementation according to the clinical phosphate supplementation protocol at our center \[1-5\]: patients with blood phosphorus \< 0.4mmol/L receive 40mmol of glycerol phosphate sodium intravenously via infusion or injection over 4-6 hours; patients with blood phosphorus 0.4-0.8mmol/L receive 30mmol of glycerol phosphate sodium intravenously via infusion or injection; Normal phosphorus patients do not require any special treatment.
4. 24h after the first CPAP offline, patients in both groups repeated the CPAP offline process, collected related parameters, and measured blood inorganic phosphorus.