A Study to Assess Adverse Events and Change in Disease Activity Comparing Oral Upadacitinib to Subcutaneous Dupilumab in Children From 2 to Less Than 12 Years of Age With Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a skin condition that may cause a rash and itching due to inflammation of the skin. Topical therapies applied over the skin may not be enough to control the AD in trial participants who require systemic anti-inflammatory treatment. This study compares upadacitinib to dupilumab in pediatric participants with moderate to severe AD who are candidates for systemic therapy. Adverse events and change in the disease activity will be assessed. Upadacitinib is an approved drug for treating AD patients aged 12 or older. Participants will receive upadacitinib (given as daily dose) or dupilumab (given at label indicated dose every 2 or 4 weeks). Participants will be stratified depending on disease severity, age and response to previous treatment. There is 1 in 5 chance for participants to receive dupilumab during the randomized cohort. Approximately 675 participants aged 2 to less than 12 years of age will be enrolled in this study at approximately 150 sites worldwide. The study population (As defined by participants age or prior treatment) to be enrolled in the study is dependent on local regulatory requirement and/or agreement. Participants will receive upadacitinib oral tablets once daily (or oral solution twice a day) for 160 weeks, or dupilumab as per its label for 52 weeks, and followed for 30 days after the last dose of upadacitinib and at least 12 weeks after the last dose of dupilumab. There may be higher treatment burden for participants in this trial compared to their standard of care . Participants will attend regular visits during the study at a hospital or clinic. The effect of the treatment will be checked by clinical assessments, blood tests, checking for side effects and completing questionnaires.