The Effect of OSA on Brain Waste Clearance

Recent ground-breaking research has shown that clearance of toxic neuro-metabolites from the brain including the proteins β-Amyloid (Aβ) and tau that form dementia causing plaques and tangles is markedly impaired when sleep is disturbed. This suggests that dementia risk may be increased in people with sleep disorders such as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Longitudinal studies have linked OSA with a 70-85% increased risk for mild cognitive impairment and dementia. Despite this strong link, little is known about the OSA-specific mechanistic underpinnings. It is not fully understood as to how sleep disturbance in OSA inhibit brain glymphatic clearance. However, it is known that OSA inhibits slow wave sleep, profoundly activates sympathetic activity, and elevates blood pressure - particularly during sleep. These disturbances have, in turn, been shown to independently inhibit glymphatic function. Previous studies have attempted to sample human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) involved in glymphatic clearance for dementia biomarkers during sleep. However, these studies were severely limited by the need for invasive CSF sampling. To address this problem, a set of newly available, highly sensitive blood based SIMOA assays will be used to study glymphatic function in people treated for severe OSA who undergo CPAP withdrawal. Furthermore, novel methods will be utilized to capture changes in slow wave sleep, blood pressure and brain blood flow together with sleep-wake changes in blood levels of excreted neuro-metabolites to define the pathophysiological mechanisms that inhibit brain cleaning in OSA.

NCT Number	NCT05606991
Lead Sponsor	Woolcock Institute of Medical Research Collaborators: National Health and Medical Research Council, Australia
Conditions	Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Dementia, Cognitive Impairment
Enrollment	38 participants
Start Date	2023-07-18
Primary Completion	2026-04 (estimated)
Study Completion	2026-04 (estimated)
Updated on ClinicalTrials.gov	2025-06-27